Sin Nombre Virus and the Emergence of Other Hantaviruses: A Review of the Biology, Ecology, and Disease of a Zoonotic Pathogen

Author:

Jacob Andrew T.1,Ziegler Benjamin M.2,Farha Stefania M.1,Vivian Lyla R.1,Zilinski Cora A.2,Armstrong Alexis R.2,Burdette Andrew J.1,Beachboard Dia C.2ORCID,Stobart Christopher C.13ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Biological Sciences, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA

2. Department of Biology, DeSales University, Center Valley, PA 18034, USA

3. Interdisciplinary Program in Public Health, Butler University, Indianapolis, IN 46208, USA

Abstract

Sin Nombre virus (SNV) is an emerging virus that was first discovered in the Four Corners region of the United States in 1993. The virus causes a disease known as Hantavirus Pulmonary Syndrome (HPS), sometimes called Hantavirus Cardiopulmonary Syndrome (HCPS), a life-threatening illness named for the predominance of infection of pulmonary endothelial cells. SNV is one of several rodent-borne hantaviruses found in the western hemisphere with the capability of causing this disease. The primary reservoir of SNV is the deer mouse (Peromyscus maniculatus), and the virus is transmitted primarily through aerosolized rodent excreta and secreta. Here, we review the history of SNV emergence and its virus biology and relationship to other New World hantaviruses, disease, treatment, and prevention options.

Funder

Holcomb Awards Committee

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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