Challenges and Approaches of Culturing the Unculturable Archaea

Author:

Rafiq Muhammad12ORCID,Hassan Noor3ORCID,Rehman Maliha1,Hayat Muhammad4,Nadeem Gullasht1,Hassan Farwa3,Iqbal Naveed56,Ali Hazrat3,Zada Sahib7,Kang Yingqian89,Sajjad Wasim10,Jamal Muhsin11

Affiliation:

1. Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of IT, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87100, Pakistan

2. FF Institute (Huzhou) Co., Ltd., Huzhou 313000, China

3. Industrial Biotechnology Division, National Institute for Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering-College, Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences, Islamabad 44000, Pakistan

4. State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Jinan 266101, China

5. Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Life Sciences and Informatics, Balochistan University of IT, Engineering and Management Sciences, Quetta 87100, Pakistan

6. The Department of Paediatrics and Child Health, Aga Khan University, Karachi 74800, Pakistan

7. Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510640, China

8. Key Laboratory of Environmental Pollution Monitoring and Disease Control, Ministry of Education of Guizhou, Guiyang 550025, China

9. Key Laboratory of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, China

10. Department of Biological Sciences, National University of Medical Sciences, Rawalpindi 46000, Pakistan

11. Department of Microbiology, Abdul Wali Khan University, Garden Campus, Mardan 23200, Pakistan

Abstract

Since Carl Woese’s discovery of archaea as a third domain of life, numerous archaeal species have been discovered, yet archaeal diversity is poorly characterized. Culturing archaea is complicated, but several queries about archaeal cell biology, evolution, physiology, and diversity need to be solved by culturing and culture-dependent techniques. Increasing interest in demand for innovative culturing methods has led to various technological and methodological advances. The current review explains frequent hurdles hindering uncultured archaea isolation and discusses features for more archaeal cultivation. This review also discusses successful strategies and available media for archaeal culturing, which might be helpful for future culturing practices.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Reference157 articles.

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