Biogeographical Relationships and Diversity in the Peruvian Flora Reported by Hipólito Ruiz and José Pavón: Vegetation, Uses and Anthropology

Author:

Arias-Gámez Juan Miguel1ORCID,Linares-Perea Eliana2,Vicente-Orellana José Alfredo1ORCID,Galán-de-Mera Antonio1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Laboratorio de Botánica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, CEU Universities, Urbanización Montepríncipe, Boadilla del Monte, 28660 Madrid, Spain

2. Fundación Estudios Fitogeográficos del Perú, Arequipa 04002, Perú

Abstract

The Royal Spanish Botanical Expedition to the Viceroyalty of Peru in the 18th century was one of the most important European expeditions to American territories. Using the herbarium sheets of Ruiz and Pavón (Royal Botanical Garden of Madrid) and their edited works, manuscripts and expedition diaries, we have constructed a database of the collected and observed flora, which has served as the basis for a map containing all of the Peruvian localities of the expedition. Based on the method of bioclimatic belts and our own observations, we have deduced to which type of vegetation the flora studied in the expedition belongs. The uses of the flora per locality were studied, as well as the ethnic groups involved in the different localities. By using a Principal Component Analysis, we have obtained the distribution of the bioclimatic belts whose vegetation was the most explored. In order to observe the bioclimatic tendency of plant uses, a Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) was conducted to identify the distribution of localities with the highest frequencies of plant uses. The expedition’s explorations focused on the most humid areas of the thermo- and mesotropical belts, from where a large number of plants with practical uses were obtained.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

Reference76 articles.

1. The World Bank (2022, July 07). Peru: A Mega-Diverse Country Investing in National Protected Areas. Available online: https://www.worldbank.org/en/news/feature/2013/06/06/peru-pais-megadiverso-que-invierte-en-areas-naturales-protegidas-gpan-pronanp.

2. An integrated assessment of the vascular plant species of the Americas;Beck;Science,2017

3. Pulgar Vidal, J. (1996). Geografía del Perú, Peisa.

4. Brack Egg, A., and Mendiola Vargas, C. (2004). Ecología del Perú, Editorial Bruño.

5. Muñoz Garmendia, F. (2007). La Botánica al Servicio de la Corona. La Expedición de Ruiz, Pavón y Dombey al Virreinato del Perú (1777–1831), Caja Madrid-Lunwerg.

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