Modulation of Energy Metabolism and Epigenetic Landscape in Rainbow Trout Fry by a Parental Low Protein/High Carbohydrate Diet

Author:

Callet ThérèseORCID,Li Hongyan,Coste Pascale,Glise Stéphane,Heraud CécileORCID,Maunas Patrick,Mercier Yvan,Turonnet Nicolas,Zunzunegui Chloé,Panserat StéphaneORCID,Bolliet Valérie,Marandel LucieORCID

Abstract

It is now recognized that parental diets could highly affect offspring metabolism and growth. Studies in fish are, however, lacking. In particular, the effect of a parental diet high in carbohydrate (HC) and low in protein (LP) on progeny has never been examined in higher trophic level teleost fish. Thus, two-year old male and female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) were fed either a control diet (0% carbohydrate and 63.89% protein) or a diet containing 35% carbohydrate and 42.96% protein (HC/LP) for a complete reproductive cycle for females and over a 5-month period for males. Cross-fertilizations were then carried out. To evaluate the effect of the parental diet on their offspring, different phenotypic and metabolic traits were recorded for offspring before their first feeding and again three weeks later. When considering the paternal and maternal HC/LP nutrition independently, fry phenotypes and transcriptomes were only slightly affected. The combination of the maternal and paternal HC/LP diets altered the energy metabolism and mitochondrial dynamics of their progeny, demonstrating the existence of a synergistic effect. The global DNA methylation of whole fry was also highly affected by the HC/LP parental diet, indicating that it could be one of the fundamental mechanisms responsible for the effects of nutritional programming.

Funder

Agence Nationale de la Recherche

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Agricultural and Biological Sciences,General Immunology and Microbiology,General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology

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