Effects of Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair Using MitraClip® Device on Sleep Disordered Breathing in Patients with Mitral Valve Regurgitation

Abstract

Sleep disordered breathing (SDB) is common among patients with valvular heart disease, and successful valve surgery could reduce SDB severity. However, data about the effects of transcatheter mitral valve repair on SDB are scarce. Therefore, mitral regurgitation (MR) patients undergoing MitraClip-placement were prospectively enrolled. Before MitraClip-placement, daytime sleepiness and sleep quality were assessed using the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) and Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), respectively; and all patients underwent SDB screening using five-channel respiratory polygraphy. After 3–6 months, patients had a similar reassessment including: ESS, PSQI, and respiratory polygraphy. 67 patients were included (77 ± 8years). Despite normal sleepiness scores, 41 patients (61%) had SDB with apnea-hypopnea-index (AHI) ≥ 15 h before MitraClip-placement, of whom only three patients had known SDB previously. Compared to patients without SDB, patients with SDB had similar sleepiness scores but higher NT-proBNP values at baseline (4325 vs. 1520 pg/mL, p < 0.001). At follow-up, there were significant AHI improvements among patients with SDB (p = 0.013). However, there were no significant sleepiness score changes. In conclusion, the prevalence of SDB among MitraClip candidates is very high even in those without daytime sleepiness. MR patients with SDB have higher NT-proBNP values, which may reflect a worse prognosis. MitraClip-placement may improve the underlying SDB, which could be an additional benefit of the procedure.