Sargassum fusiforme Extract Induces Melanogenesis through the cAMP/PKA/CREB Signaling Pathway

Author:

Kim Hayeon1ORCID,Shin Seoungwoo1ORCID,Jang Youngsu1,Cho Eunae1,Park Deokhoon1,Jung Eunsun1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. BioSpectrum Life Science Institute, U-TOWER 18th FL, 767, Sinsu Ro, Suji Gu, Yongin 16827, Republic of Korea

Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of Sargassum fusiforme extract (SFE) on melanogenesis and its mechanism both in vitro and ex vivo. The melanogenic-inducing effect of SFE was evaluated using a melanin contents assay and a cellular tyrosinase activity assay. To investigate whether SFE could protect melanocytes against oxidative stress, hydrogen peroxidase was used. The molecular mechanism underlying the effect of SFE on melanogenesis was determined via Western blot analysis of tyrosinase, a microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF), and a phosphorylated cAMP response element-binding protein (p-CREB) expression. The degree of pigmentation in a 3D skin model was determined by measuring the L* values. Contents of melanin in ex vivo human hair follicles were evaluated via Fontana–Masson staining. SFE significantly increased melanin contents and cellular tyrosinase activity in human epidermal melanocytes. SFE also increased the phosphorylation of CREB and the protein levels of tyrosinase and MITF. Moreover, SFE attenuated oxidative stress-induced cytotoxicity and depigmentation. Finally, the melanogenesis promoting effect of SFE was confirmed in both a 3D skin model and ex vivo human hair follicles. These findings suggest that SFE can induce melanogenesis via the cAMP/PKA/CREB signaling pathway in human epidermal melanocytes through its hyperpigmentation activity.

Funder

Korea Institute of Marine Science & Technology Promotion, Republic of Korea

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Dermatology,Pharmaceutical Science,Aging,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous),Surgery

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