Vitiligo: A Review of Aetiology, Pathogenesis, Treatment, and Psychosocial Impact

Author:

AL-smadi Khadeejeh1,Imran Mohammad1ORCID,Leite-Silva Vania R.12,Mohammed Yousuf13ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Frazer Institute, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia

2. Instituto de Ciências Ambientais, Químicas e Farmacêuticas, Departamento de Ciências Farmacêuticas, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, UNIFESP, Diadema 09913-030, Brazil

3. School of Pharmacy, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4102, Australia

Abstract

Vitiligo is an acquired, chronic condition characterised by depigmentation of the epidermis or by destruction/loss of melanin. Skin cells (melanocytes) are responsible for producing melanin, the substance that gives pigmentation to the skin. This review aims to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of knowledge about vitiligo. Although there is no specific ethnic group, gender, or skin type that is more prone to vitiligo than others, it can affect anyone. The most commonly prescribed treatments for vitiligo are systemic and topical phototherapy and immunomodulators such as corticosteroids, calcineurin inhibitors, and vitamin D analogues, in addition to cosmetics that can camouflage and improve the quality of life. Even though vitiligo is typically thought of as a cosmetic disorder, its effects on the physical and psychosocial health of sufferers cannot be ignored.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Dermatology,Pharmaceutical Science,Aging,Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous),Surgery

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