Stability and Hopf Bifurcation Analysis of a Multi-Delay Vector-Borne Disease Model with Presence Awareness and Media Effect

Abstract

Vector-borne diseases, being one of the most difficult infectious diseases to understand, model, and control, account for a large proportion of human infectious diseases. In the current transmission process of infectious diseases, the latent period of pathogens in vivo, the influence of media coverage, and the presence of awareness on the spread and control of diseases are important factors that cannot be ignored. Based on this, a novel vector-borne disease model with latent delay and media coverage delay is proposed to discuss the impact of these factors. First, the global existence and ultimate boundedness of solutions for this model are obtained. Further, the exact expressions for the basic reproduction number are given, from which the existence and local stability of the disease-free and endemic equilibria are analyzed. Moreover, using the delay as a bifurcation parameter, we also discuss the existence, direction, and stability of the Hopf bifurcation. Finally, some numerical examples are carried out to explain the main theoretical results and discuss the impacts of the main parameters of this model on the transmission of vector-borne disease.