On the Numerical Investigations of a Fractional-Order Mathematical Model for Middle East Respiratory Syndrome Outbreak

Abstract

Middle East Respiratory Syndrome (MERS) is a human coronavirus subtype that poses a significant public health concern due to its ability to spread between individuals. This research aims to develop a fractional-order mathematical model to investigate the MERS pandemic and to subsequently develop two numerical methods to solve this model numerically to evaluate and comprehend the analysis results. The fixed-point theorem has been used to demonstrate the existence and uniqueness of the solution to the suggested model. We approximate the solutions of the proposed model using two numerical methods: the mean value theorem and the implicit trapezoidal method. The stability of these numerical methods is studied using various results and primary lemmas. Finally, we compare the results of our methods to demonstrate their efficiency and conduct a numerical simulation of the obtained results. A comparative study based on real data from Riyadh, Saudi Arabia is provided. The study’s conclusions demonstrate the computational efficiency of our approaches in studying nonlinear fractional differential equations that arise in daily life problems.