Ochratoxin A: Overview of Prevention, Removal, and Detoxification Methods

Author:

Ding Lijuan1,Han Meihua1,Wang Xiangtao1,Guo Yifei1

Affiliation:

1. Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, No. 151, Malianwa North Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100193, China

Abstract

Ochratoxins are the secondary metabolites of Penicillium and Aspergillus, among which ochratoxin A (OTA) is the most toxic molecule. OTA is widely found in food and agricultural products. Due to its severe nephrotoxicity, immunotoxicity, neurotoxicity, and teratogenic mutagenesis, it is essential to develop effective, economical, and environmentally friendly methods for OTA decontamination and detoxification. This review mainly summarizes the application of technology in OTA prevention, removal, and detoxification from physical, chemical, and biological aspects, depending on the properties of OTA, and describes the advantages and disadvantages of each method from an objective perspective. Overall, biological methods have the greatest potential to degrade OTA. This review provides some ideas for searching for new strains and degrading enzymes.

Funder

Hainan Province Science and Technology Special Fund

CAMS Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis,Toxicology

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