Integrated Prediction Model for Upstream Reservoir Sedimentation in a Weir: A Comprehensive Analysis Using Numerical and Experimental Approaches

Abstract

In this study, a new empirical equation was established to predict the sedimentation volume resulting from the construction of a multi-purpose weir or low-head dam using experimental approaches. Applying the 1-D numerical model (STAFF), which is based on Exner’s equation, 2545 cases were simulated and laboratory experiments were conducted with various sediment particle sizes, channel slopes, inlet discharge, and outlet water elevation. Short-term predictions were conducted through laboratory experiments with movable bed, and the results indicated that dimensionless unit stream power and the Shields parameter exhibited the most significant correlation with dimensionless deposition volume. In particular, we analyzed the phenomenon in which the backwater effect and reservoir delta. Using a multiple regression approach, the developed empirical equation was validated for predicting sedimentation in the upstream reservoir of the weir.