Transverse Analysis of Maxilla and Mandible in Adults with Normal Occlusion: A Cone Beam Computed Tomography Study

Abstract

Objectives: To study the transverse widths of maxilla and mandible and their relationship with the inclination of first molars. Materials and Methods: Fifty-six untreated adults (12 males, 44 females) with normal occlusion were included. On each Cone Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) image of the subject, inter-buccal and inter-lingual bone widths were measured at the levels of hard palate, alveolar crest and furcation of the first molars, and maxillomandibular width differentials were calculated. In addition, the buccolingual inclination of each first molar was measured and its correlation with the maxillomandibular width differential was tested. Results: At the furcation level of the first molar, the maxillary inter-buccal bone width was more than the mandibular inter-buccal bone width by 1.1 ± 4.5 mm for males and 1.6 ± 2.9 mm for females; the mandibular inter-lingual bone width was more than the maxillary inter-lingual bone width by 1.3 ± 3.6 mm for males and 0.3 ± 3.2 mm for females. For females, there was a negative correlation between the maxillomandibular inter-lingual bone differential and maxillary first molar buccal inclination (p < 0.05), and a positive correlation between the maxillomandibular inter-lingual bone differential and mandibular first molar lingual inclination (p < 0.05). Conclusions: This is a randomized clinical study on transverse analysis of maxilla and mandible in adults with normal occlusion using CBCTs. On average: (1) At the furcation level of the first molars, the maxillary inter-buccal bone width was slightly wider than mandibular inter-buccal bone width; whereas the mandibular inter-lingual bone width was slightly wider than maxillary inter-lingual bone width; (2) A statistically significant correlation existed between the maxillomandibular transverse skeletal differentials and molar inclinations.