Exercise Programs Combined with Diet Supplementation Improve Body Composition and Physical Function in Older Adults with Sarcopenia: A Systematic Review

Author:

Hernández-Lepe Marco Antonio1ORCID,Miranda-Gil Michelle Itzel2,Valbuena-Gregorio Edith2,Olivas-Aguirre Francisco Javier2

Affiliation:

1. Medical and Psychology School, Autonomous University of Baja California, Tijuana 22390, Mexico

2. Health Sciences Department, University of Sonora, Cajeme 85010, Mexico

Abstract

Sarcopenia is a progressive and frequent syndrome among older adults highly related to physical inactivity and malnutrition. Nowadays, it is considered a pathology that triggers multiple health complications associated with the loss of muscle mass, strength, autonomy, and quality of life. The objective of the present systematic review was to evaluate the effect of exercise programs combined with dietary supplementation on body composition as the primary outcome. This systematic review was carried out in accordance with the elements considered for planning a systematic review by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA), and the search was performed in the Scopus, EBSCO, and PubMed databases for the last 10 years. A total of 16 studies met the inclusion criteria and were included in this systematic review. Regular resistance exercise together with daily essential amino acids or whey protein and vitamin D supplementation improve the maintenance or gains in appendiceal/skeletal muscle mass and total lean mass in sarcopenic older adults. The data suggest a synergistic effect not only on the primary outcome, but also on other variables such as strength, speed, stability, and other indicators of quality of life. This systematic review was registered in PROSPERO, ID: CRD42022344284.

Funder

Consejo Nacional de Ciencia y Tecnología

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Food Science,Nutrition and Dietetics

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