Green Hydrogen, a Solution for Replacing Fossil Fuels to Reduce CO2 Emissions

Abstract

The article examines the role of green hydrogen in reducing CO2 emissions in the transition to climate neutrality, highlighting both its benefits and challenges. It starts by discussing the production of green hydrogen from renewable sources and provides a brief analysis of primary resource structures for energy production in European countries, including Romania. Despite progress, there remains a significant reliance on fossil fuels in some countries. Economic technologies for green hydrogen production are explored, with a note that its production alone does not solve all issues due to complex and costly compression and storage operations. The concept of impure green hydrogen, derived from biomass gasification, pyrolysis, fermentation, and wastewater purification, is also discussed. Economic efficiency and future trends in green hydrogen production are outlined. The article concludes with an analysis of hydrogen-methane mixture combustion technologies, offering a conceptual framework for economically utilizing green hydrogen in the transition to a green hydrogen economy.