Polycaprolactone in Bone Tissue Engineering: A Comprehensive Review of Innovations in Scaffold Fabrication and Surface Modifications

Author:

Liang Hsin-Yu1,Lee Wei-Keung2,Hsu Jui-Tsen1,Shih Jie-Yu1,Ma Tien-Li3ORCID,Vo Thi Thuy Tien4,Lee Chiang-Wen567,Cheng Ming-Te891011,Lee I-Ta1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan

2. Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 33004, Taiwan

3. School of Dental Technology, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan

4. Faculty of Dentistry, Nguyen Tat Thanh University, Ho Chi Minh 70000, Vietnam

5. Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan

6. Department of Respiratory Care, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan

7. Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 61363, Taiwan

8. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taoyuan 33004, Taiwan

9. College of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan

10. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Chung Yuan Christian University, Taoyuan 32023, Taiwan

11. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Taoyuan General Hospital, Ministry of Health and Welfare, Sinwu Branch, Taoyuan 32748, Taiwan

Abstract

Bone tissue engineering has seen significant advancements with innovative scaffold fabrication techniques such as 3D printing. This review focuses on enhancing polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffold properties through structural modifications, including surface treatments, pore architecture adjustments, and the incorporation of biomaterials like hydroxyapatite (HA). These modifications aim to improve scaffold conformation, cellular behavior, and mechanical performance, with particular emphasis on the role of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) in bone regeneration. The review also explores the potential of integrating nanomaterials and graphene oxide (GO) to further enhance the mechanical and biological properties of PCL scaffolds. Future directions involve optimizing scaffold structures and compositions for improved bone tissue regeneration outcomes.

Funder

College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University

Chang Gung University of Science Foundation

Publisher

MDPI AG

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