1. Department of Urology, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
2. Center for Shockwave Medicine and Tissue Engineering, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Chang Gung University College of Medicine, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
3. School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung 833, Taiwan
4. Beaumont Health System, William Beaumont School of Medicine, Oakland University, Royal Oak, MI 48073, USA