Evolving Diagnostic and Treatment Strategies for Pediatric CNS Tumors: The Impact of Lipid Metabolism

Author:

Fernández-García Paula12,Malet-Engra Gema12,Torres Manuel1,Hanson Derek3,Rosselló Catalina A.12ORCID,Román Ramón12ORCID,Lladó Victoria12,Escribá Pablo V.12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Laboratory of Molecular Cell Biomedicine, University of the Balearic Islands, 07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain

2. Laminar Pharmaceuticals, Isaac Newton, 07121 Palma de Mallorca, Spain

3. Hackensack Meridian Health, 343 Thornall Street, Edison, NJ 08837, USA

Abstract

Pediatric neurological tumors are a heterogeneous group of cancers, many of which carry a poor prognosis and lack a “standard of care” therapy. While they have similar anatomic locations, pediatric neurological tumors harbor specific molecular signatures that distinguish them from adult brain and other neurological cancers. Recent advances through the application of genetics and imaging tools have reshaped the molecular classification and treatment of pediatric neurological tumors, specifically considering the molecular alterations involved. A multidisciplinary effort is ongoing to develop new therapeutic strategies for these tumors, employing innovative and established approaches. Strikingly, there is increasing evidence that lipid metabolism is altered during the development of these types of tumors. Thus, in addition to targeted therapies focusing on classical oncogenes, new treatments are being developed based on a broad spectrum of strategies, ranging from vaccines to viral vectors, and melitherapy. This work reviews the current therapeutic landscape for pediatric brain tumors, considering new emerging treatments and ongoing clinical trials. In addition, the role of lipid metabolism in these neoplasms and its relevance for the development of novel therapies are discussed.

Funder

Govern de les Illes Balears

European Commission

Spanish Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Medicine (miscellaneous)

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