Blood Profiling of Athletes after COVID-19: Differences in Blood Profiles of Post-COVID-19 Athletes Compared to Uninfected Athletic Individuals—An Exploratory Analysis
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Published:2023-07-06
Issue:7
Volume:11
Page:1911
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ISSN:2227-9059
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Container-title:Biomedicines
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Biomedicines
Author:
Vollrath Shirin1ORCID, Matits Lynn12ORCID, Jerg Achim1, Zorn Jule1, John Lucas1ORCID, Steinacker Jürgen Michael1ORCID, Bizjak Daniel Alexander1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Division of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine, Ulm University Hospital, 89075 Ulm, Germany 2. Division of Clinical & Biological Psychology, Institute of Psychology and Education, Ulm University, 89075 Ulm, Germany
Abstract
Blood profiling data in athletic populations and their respective responses to SARS-CoV-2 infection are lacking. Thus, this exploratory pilot study aimed to analyze and compare clinical blood markers in previously infected trained athletes (ATH; 30 m/29 f) and a not previously infected healthy athletic control group (HC; 12 m/19 f). The ATH group undertook a sports medical examination which included extended blood analyses. Blood profiles with a total of 74 variables were assessed (blood counts, pro-/inflammatory and immunological markers, and micronutrients), and the ATH group was compared to the age-matched, vaccinated HC group with comparable athletic back grounds, though without previous SARS-CoV-2-infections. The ATH group showed lower IgG, Troponin-T levels, and they had a lower complement/acute-phase protein activation. Furthermore, Vitamin D levels were lower and electrolyte/micronutrient concentrations were higher in ATH. Soluble transferrin receptor as a marker of erythrocyte turnover was decreased whereas PTT as a coagulation marker was increased. Subgroup analyses according to sex revealed more differences between the women of the ATH and HC groups (for 25 different variables) than between the men (for 5 different variables), especially for immunological and metabolic variables. In particular, the immune system and electrolyte/micronutrient status should be observed frequently and sex-specifically in this athletic cohort.
Subject
General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology,Medicine (miscellaneous)
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