Gemtuzumab Ozogamicin and Stem Cell Mobilization for Autologous Stem Cell Transplantation in Favorable Risk Acute Myeloid Leukemia

Abstract

Gemtuzumab ozogamicin (GO), a CD33-targeting antibody drug conjugate, previously showed longer relapse-free survival when combined with induction chemotherapy in patients with favorable-risk acute myeloid leukemia (AML). In this patient population, characterized by lower relapse risk as compared to other ELN risk groups, autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) can be used as consolidation strategy. However, there are limited data on the impact of GO on the peripheral blood stem cell (PBSC) mobilization potential. We therefore retrospectively analyzed data from 54 AML patients with favorable-risk AML treated with (n = 17) or without (n = 37) GO during induction treatment. We observed no significant differences in the PBSC mobilization rate between patients treated with vs. without GO. The mobilization success in a first attempt directly following cycle 2 was 65% vs. 70% (p = 0.92); and the mobilization success in a subsequent second attempt after hematologic recovery and repeated stimulation procedure was 24% vs. 19% (p = 0.56). No significant impact on treatment outcome in terms of EFS (p = 0.31) or OS (p = 0.99) was observed. Thus, our results suggest that the addition of GO to induction regimens does not negatively impact PBSC mobilization in favorable-risk AML patients. To our best knowledge, this is the first study comparing the stem cell mobilization potential in favorable-risk AML patients treated with vs. without GO.