Porous Alumina Ceramics Obtained by Particles Self-Assembly Combing Freeze Drying Method

Abstract

An innovative approach for fabricating porous alumina ceramics is demonstrated in this paper. The distinguished feature is that the construction of the porous structure stems from the interaction between ceramic particles, which is a poorly explored area. By tailoring the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek (DLVO) interaction energy to the second minimum, the dilute ceramic slurry would be gelled by the weakly assembled particle network, and the assembled structure is conserved via a freeze drying strategy. The DLVO theoretical analyses revealed that the second minimum of interaction energy could be obtained when the counter-ion concentration in colloidal suspension is 1.5 × 10−2 mol/L. The properties of the as-assembled samples were compared with one produced by the conventional freeze drying method. Results showed that the self-assembly of alumina particles has a positive influence on micro structures. Unlike the laminar pores generated by the traditional freeze drying procedure, the assembled samples show homogeneously interconnected and hierarchical open pores which were stable even after a 24 h dwell time at 950 °C (open porosity is 79.19% for the slurry of vol 20% solid loading). Particularly, after sintering at 1550 °C for 2 h, open porosity (67.01%) of the assembled samples was significantly greater than that of their un-assembled counterparts (39.97%). Besides, the assembled sample shows a narrower pore size distribution and a relatively higher cumulative pore volume.