A Highly Sensitive Electrochemical Sensor for Capsaicinoids and Its Application in the Identification of Illegal Cooking Oil

Author:

Lyu Wenjing1,Ding Min1,Zhou Ying1,Jiang Mengdan1,Li Yanru1,Ding Yanxiang2,Zhang Zhong3,Wei Xue1,Zhang Xiaoqing1

Affiliation:

1. Key Laboratory of Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics, Ministry of Education of China, School of Laboratory Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China

2. The First Clinical College, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing 400016, China

3. Material Evidence Identification Center, Chongqing Public Security Bureau, Chongqing 400016, China

Abstract

Capsaicinoids, mostly from chili peppers, are widely used in daily life. Capsaicinoids are considered to be markers for the identification of illegal cooking oil (ICO), which is a serious threat to public health. The identification of capsaicinoids can help reveal food-related fraud, thereby safeguarding consumers’ health. Here, a novel and ultrasensitive method was established with a signal amplification strategy for the detection of capsaicinoids. AuNPs@Fe3O4 nanocomposites were functionalized with 4-aminothiophenol (4-atp). After diazotization, 4-atp on AuNPs@Fe3O4 reacted with capsaicinoids and formed capsaicinoids-azo-atp-AuNPs@Fe3O4. Ultimately, capsaicinoids-azo-atp-AuNPs@Fe3O4 was dropped onto the surface of a screen-printed carbon electrode (SPCE) and detected via the differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) method. AuNPs@Fe3O4 nanocomposites increased the specific surface area of the electrode. Moreover, the diazotization–coupling reaction enriched the analytes on the electrode surface. Liquid–liquid extraction was used for sample pretreatment. Under a pH value of 9.0 and concentration of 0.20 mol/L for the supporting electrolyte, the linearity of capsaicinoids in ICO is from 0.10 to 10.00 ng/mL, and the limit of detection (S/N = 3) is 0.05 ng/mL. This method is ultra-sensitive, reliable, and cost-effective for the detection of capsaicinoids. Herein, this method provides a promising tool for the identification of ICO.

Funder

Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing

Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Clinical Biochemistry,General Medicine,Analytical Chemistry,Biotechnology,Instrumentation,Biomedical Engineering,Engineering (miscellaneous)

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