Post-Vaccination Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Antibody Response with Magnetic Nanoparticle-Based Electrochemical Biosensor System
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Published:2023-08-26
Issue:9
Volume:13
Page:851
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ISSN:2079-6374
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Container-title:Biosensors
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Biosensors
Author:
Harmanci Duygu1ORCID, Balaban Hanoglu Simge2ORCID, Akkus Kayali Gozde3ORCID, Durgunlu Evrim2, Ucar Nursima2, Cicek Candan3ORCID, Timur Suna12
Affiliation:
1. Central Research Test and Analysis Laboratory, Application and Research Center, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Türkiye 2. Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Türkiye 3. Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir 35100, Türkiye
Abstract
Here, we report magnetic nanoparticle-based biosensor platforms for the rapid detection of SARS-CoV-2 antibody responses in human serum. The use of the proposed system enabled the detection of anti-SARS-CoV-2 spike (S) and nucleocapsid (N) proteins at a concentration of ng/mL in both buffer and real serum samples. In particular, the protocol, which is considered an indicator of innate immunity after vaccination or post-infection, could be useful for the evaluation of antibody response. We included a total of 48 volunteers who either had COVID-19 but were not vaccinated or who had COVID-19 and were vaccinated with CoronoVac or Biontech. Briefly, in this study, which was planned as a cohort, serum samples were examined 3, 6, and 12 months from the time the volunteers’ showed symptoms of COVID-19 with respect to antibody response in the proposed system. Anti-S Ab and anti-N Ab were detected with a limit of detection of 0.98 and 0.89 ng/mL, respectively. These data were confirmed with the corresponding commercial an electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA) assays. Compared with ECLIA, more stable data were obtained, especially for samples collected over 6 months. After this period, a drop in the antibody responses was observed. Our findings showed that it could be a useful platform for exploring the dynamics of the immune response, and the proposed system has translational use potential for the clinic. In conclusion, the MNP-based biosensor platform proposed in this study, together with its counterparts in previous studies, is a candidate for determining natural immunity and post-vaccination antibody response, as well as reducing the workload of medical personnel and paving the way for screening studies on vaccine efficacy.
Funder
University Medicine Faculty, Unit of Scientific Research Projects Republic of Türkiye, Ministry of Development
Subject
Clinical Biochemistry,General Medicine,Analytical Chemistry,Biotechnology,Instrumentation,Biomedical Engineering,Engineering (miscellaneous)
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