Analysis of Transient Thermoacoustic Characteristics and Performance in Carbon Nanotube Sponge Underwater Transducers

Author:

Qi Qianshou1,Li Zhe1,Yin Huilin1,Feng Yanxia2,Zhou Zhenhuan1ORCID,Rong Dalun34

Affiliation:

1. State Key Laboratory of Structure Analysis of Industrial Equipment, Department of Engineering Mechanics, International Research Center for Computational Mechanics, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, China

2. Jiangxi Copper Technology Institute Co., Ltd., Nanchang 330096, China

3. School of Aeronautics and Astronautics, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China

4. School of Civil Engineering, Hunan University of Technology, Zhuzhou 412007, China

Abstract

Recent advancements in marine technology have highlighted the urgent need for enhanced underwater acoustic applications, from sonar detection to communication and noise cancellation, driving the pursuit of innovative transducer technologies. In this paper, a new underwater thermoacoustic (TA) transducer made from carbon nanotube (CNT) sponge is designed to achieve wide bandwidth, high energy conversion efficiency, simple structure, good transient response, and stable sound response, utilizing the TA effect through electro-thermal modulation. The transducer has potential application in underwater acoustic communication. An electro-thermal-acoustic coupled simulation for the open model, sandwich model, and encapsulated model is presented to analyze the transient behaviors of CNT sponge TA transducers in liquid environments. The effects of key design parameters on the acoustic performances of both systems are revealed. The results demonstrate that a short pulse excitation with a low duty cycle could greatly improve the heat dissipation of the encapsulated transducer, especially when the thermoacoustic response time becomes comparable to thermal relaxation time.

Funder

National Natural Science Foundation of China

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation

Shenzhen Science and Technology Program

Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation

Natural Science Foundation of Liaoning Province

Publisher

MDPI AG

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