Hectorite/Phenanthroline-Based Nanomaterial as Fluorescent Sensor for Zn Ion Detection: A Theoretical and Experimental Study

Author:

Massaro Marina1ORCID,Borrego-Sánchez Ana2ORCID,Viseras-Iborra César34ORCID,Cinà Giuseppe1,García-Villén Fátima3ORCID,Liotta Leonarda F.5ORCID,Lopez Galindo Alberto4,Pimentel Carlos6ORCID,Sainz-Díaz Claro Ignacio4ORCID,Sánchez-Espejo Rita3ORCID,Riela Serena7

Affiliation:

1. Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biologiche, Chimiche e Farmaceutiche (STEBICEF), Università di Palermo, Viale delle Scienze, Ed. 17, 90128 Palermo, Italy

2. Instituto de Ciencia Molecular, Universitat de València, Carrer del Catedrátic José Beltrán Martinez 2, 46980 Paterna, Spain

3. Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Campus Universitario de Cartuja, University of Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain

4. Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas-University of Granada (CSIC-UGR), Av.da de las Palmeras 4, 18100 Armilla, Spain

5. Istituto per lo Studio dei Materiali Nanostrutturati-Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche (ISMN-CNR), Via Ugo La Malfa 153, 90146 Palermo, Italy

6. Departamento de Mineralogía y Petrología, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, C/José Antonio Novais, 12, 28040 Madrid, Spain

7. Dipartimento di Scienze Chimiche (DSC), Università di Catania, Viale Andrea Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy

Abstract

The development of fluorescent materials that can act as sensors for the determination of metal ions in biological fluids is important since they show, among others, high sensitivity and specificity. However, most of the molecules that are used for these purposes possess a very low solubility in aqueous media, and, thus, it is necessary to adopt some derivation strategies. Clay minerals, for example, hectorite, as natural materials, are biocompatible and available in large amounts at a very low cost that have been extensively used as carrier systems for the delivery of different hydrophobic species. In the present work, we report the synthesis and characterization of a hectorite/phenanthroline nanomaterial as a potential fluorescent sensor for Zn ion detection in water. The interaction of phenanthroline with the Ht interlaminar space was thoroughly investigated, via both theoretical and experimental studies (i.e., thermogravimetry, FT-IR, UV-vis and fluorescence spectroscopies and XRD measurements), while its morphology was imaged by scanning electron microscopy. Afterwards, the possibility to use it as sensor for the detection of Zn2+ ions, in comparison to other metal ions, was investigated through fluorescent measurements, and the stability of the solid Ht/Phe/Zn complex was assessed by different experimental and theoretical measurements.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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