A Study on the Effects of Liquid Phase Formation Temperature and the Content of Sintering Aids on the Sintering of Silicon Nitride Ceramics

Author:

He Li12,Huang Niansheng1,Lu Donglin1,Sheng Pengfei1,Zou Wenjing1

Affiliation:

1. School of Electromechanical Engineering, Guangdong University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, China

2. Foshan Nanhai Guangdong University of Technology CNC Equipment Cooperative Innovation Institute, Foshan 528225, China

Abstract

Due to its high bonding energy and low self-diffusion coefficient, silicon nitride (Si3N4) ceramics cannot form a dense structure with prolonged high-temperature insulation or by raising the sintering temperature. To improve the density of the sintered Si3N4 ceramics, additives are added to promote the rearrangement–dissolution–precipitation process of the crystal grains. However, the liquid phase formation temperature of different sintering aid chemical compositions varies, making it challenging to isolate the mechanism and the effect of liquid phase formation temperatures on sintering. Hence, we developed three sintering aids, namely Y2O3-Al2O3 (YA), Y2Si2O7 (Y2S), and Y2Si2O7-Al6Si2O13 (Y2SM), with homologous elements and different liquid phase formation temperatures. These sintering aids can form a liquid phase with SiO2 on the surface of Si3N4 at varying temperatures. We analyzed the sintered Si3N4 ceramic’s density, volume shrinkage rate, and microstructure to verify the YA’s lower liquid phase formation temperature effect, providing more rearrangement time and increasing sintering density. Conversely, sintering aids with too low liquid phase formation temperatures are more prone to volatilize during high-temperature sintering stages, thereby reducing sintering density. This research found that different liquid phase formation temperatures do not affect the α→β phase transition temperature of Si3N4 ceramics. We also evaluated the Y2S sintering aid contents’ effect on Si3N4 ceramics sintering. The results revealed that aiding sintering with too little Y2S content is insufficient for liquid phase production, and hence does not improve sintering density. Conversely, excessive liquid phase can improve density and refine grain size but increases weight loss rate during sintering due to volatilization.

Funder

GuangDong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation

Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province

Foshan Science and Technology Innovation Team project

China Postdoctoral Science Foundation

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Condensed Matter Physics,General Materials Science,General Chemical Engineering

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