Pontastacus leptodactylus (Eschscholtz, 1823) and Faxonius limosus (Rafinesque, 1817) as New, Alternative Sources of Chitin and Chitosan
Author:
Nuc Zofia1ORCID, Brusotti Gloria2ORCID, Catenacci Laura2ORCID, Grenha Ana3ORCID, Pontes Jorge F.3ORCID, Pinto da Silva Joana3ORCID, Rosa da Costa Ana Maria4ORCID, Moro Paola2ORCID, Milanese Chiara5ORCID, Grisoli Pietro2ORCID, Sorrenti Milena2ORCID, Dobrzycka-Krahel Aldona16ORCID, Bonferoni Maria Cristina2ORCID, Caramella Carla Marcella2ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Marine Ecology, University of Gdańsk, 80-309 Gdańsk, Poland 2. Department of Drug Sciences, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy 3. Centre for Marine Sciences (CCMAR), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal 4. Centre for Electronics, Optoelectronics and Telecommunications (CEOT), Faculty of Science and Technology, Universidade do Algarve, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal 5. Department of Chemistry, Physical Chemistry Section, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy 6. Business Faculty, WSB Merito University in Gdańsk, 80-266 Gdańsk, Poland
Abstract
The growing demand for chitin and chitosan makes it necessary to look for new sources of these polymers and to develop more environmentally friendly methods for their isolation. The subjects of the current study were chitin and chitosan extracted from shells of two crayfish species: P. leptodactylus and F. limosus. The obtained polymers were characterized by physicochemical properties (molecular weight, thermal stability, and structure). The obtained chitosan was evaluated regarding biocompatibility and antimicrobial activity. The yield of chitin obtained from P. leptodactylus and F. limosus with a standard method was 22 ± 2.7% and 20 ± 3.6% (w/w), respectively (a preliminary extraction with a natural deep eutectic solvent was performed successfully only for P. leptodactylus). The yield of chitosan production was 15 ± 0.3% and 14 ± 4.2%, respectively. Both chitosan samples showed antimicrobial activity against E. coli and S. aureus. Cytotoxicity assays revealed a time- and concentration-dependent effect, with a milder impact at concentrations up to 250 µg/mL. A more favourable profile was observed for chitosan from F. limosus shells.
Subject
Water Science and Technology,Aquatic Science,Geography, Planning and Development,Biochemistry
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