A Bimodal Model for Oil Prices

Author:

Goard Joanna1,AbaOud Mohammed2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. School of Mathematics and Applied Statistics, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, NSW 2522, Australia

2. Department of Mathematics and Statistics, Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University (IMSIU), Riyadh 11564, Saudi Arabia

Abstract

Oil price behaviour over the last 10 years has shown to be bimodal in character, displaying a strong tendency to congregate around one range of high oil prices and one range of low prices, indicating two distinct peaks in its frequency distribution. In this paper, we propose a new, single nonlinear stochastic process to model the bimodal behaviour, namely, dp=α(p1−p)(p2−p(p3−p)dt+σpγdZ, γ=0,0.5. Further, we find analytic approximations of oil price futures under this model in the cases where the stable fixed points of the corresponding deterministic model are (a) evenly spaced about the unstable fixed point and (b) are spaced in the ratio 1:2 about the unstable fixed point. The solutions are shown to produce accurate prices when compared to numerical solutions.

Funder

the Deanship of Scientific Research at Imam Mohammad Ibn Saud Islamic University

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Mathematics,Engineering (miscellaneous),Computer Science (miscellaneous)

Reference33 articles.

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2. Gabillon, J. (1991). The Term Structures of Oil Futures Prices, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies.

3. Trigeorgis, L. (1995). Real Options in Capital Investment: Models, Strategies, and Applications, Praeger.

4. The stochastic behaviour of commodity prices: Implications for valuation and hedging;Schwartz;J. Financ.,1997

5. The Long-Run evolutions of energy prices;Pindyck;Energy J.,1999

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