Affiliation:
1. Saint Petersburg Institute of Bioregulation and Gerontology, Dynamo pr. 3, 197110 Saint Petersburg, Russia
2. Pavlov Institute of Physiology of Russia Academy of Sciences, Makarova emb. 6, 199034 Saint Petersburg, Russia
Abstract
The search for innovative ways to treat osteoarthritis (OA) is an urgent task for molecular medicine and biogerontology. OA leads to disability in persons of middle and older age, while safe and effective methods of treating OA have not yet been discovered. The directed differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) into chondrocytes is considered one of the possible methods to treat OA. This review describes the main molecules involved in the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. The peptides synthesized on the basis of growth factors’ structures (SK2.1, BMP, B2A, and SSPEPS) and components of the extracellular matrix of cartilage tissue (LPP, CFOGER, CMP, RDG, and N-cadherin mimetic peptide) offer the greatest promise for the regulation of the chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs. These peptides regulate the WNT, ERK-p38, and Smad 1/5/8 signaling pathways, gene expression, and the synthesis of chondrogenic differentiation proteins such as COL2, SOX9, ACAN, etc.
Subject
Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis
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