Plants, Fire and Landscape at the Prehistoric Pile-Dwelling Village of Palù di Livenza (PaluON1), UNESCO Site in the Italian Alps

Author:

Zappa Jessica1ORCID,Degasperi Nicola2,Bassetti Michele2,Florenzano Assunta13ORCID,Torri Paola1,Servera-Vives Gabriel14ORCID,Mercuri Anna Maria13ORCID,Micheli Roberto5

Affiliation:

1. Laboratorio di Palinologia e Paleobotanica, Dipartimento Scienze Vita, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy

2. Cora Società Archeologica S.r.l., Via Salisburgo 16, I-38121 Trento, Italy

3. NBFC, National Biodiversity Future Center, 90133 Palermo, Italy

4. ArqueoUIB, Department of Historical Sciences and Theory of Art, Carretera de Valldemossa Km 7.5, CP07122 Palma, Spain

5. Soprintendenza Archeologia, Belle Arti e Paesaggio del Friuli Venezia Giulia, Piazza della Libertà 7, I-34135 Trieste, Italy

Abstract

This paper presents palynological data obtained from a trench excavated at the Neolithic pile-dwelling archaeological site of Palù di Livenza (northeastern Italy). The site is in a wetland located in a tectonic basin at the foot of the Cansiglio plateau, crossed by the Livenza river. Environmental conditions have made this wetland a suitable area for settlements since prehistoric times. Thanks to the peaty sediments that characterise the area, archaeological materials and botanical remains have been exceptionally well preserved. Their study has shed light on a Neolithic pile-dwelling settlement that developed in various phases between c. 6350 and 5600 cal BP (c. 4400 and 3650 BC), and has also allowed for a detailed environmental reconstruction of the surrounding environment. A vertical sequence of 20 samples was analysed to study pollen, non-pollen palynomorphs and microcharcoals. An age-depth model was performed based on three radiocarbon dates. The palynological analysis provided insight into the response of vegetation to environmental changes caused by both climatic fluctuations and human pressure. In this sense, it was possible to highlight differences in vegetation cover, some fires, the use of woody resources, the spread of cereal fields, as well as the presence of other cultivated plants and plant processing by the people within the village.

Funder

European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Earth and Planetary Sciences (miscellaneous),Earth-Surface Processes

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