Anaerobic Ammonium Oxidation Bacteria in a Freshwater Recirculating Pond Aquaculture System

Abstract

Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) is a key biochemical process to reduce nitrogen pollution in aquaculture, especially in water recirculating pond aquaculture system (RPAS). We used 16S RNA and quantified PCR to study the distribution and environmental impacts of anammox bacteria in RPAS. The results show that the anammox bacterial community distributions and diversities that are apparently unit-specific and seasonal have significant (p < 0.05) difference variation in the RPAS. Most of the anaerobic ammonium oxidation bacteria sequences (77.72%) retrieved from the RPAS belong to the Brocadia cluster. The abundance of anammox bacterial in the RPAS ranged from 3.33 × 101 to 41.84 × 101 copies per ng of DNA. The environmental parameter of temperature and nitrogen composition in water could have impacted the anammox bacterial abundance. This study provides more information on our understanding of the anammox bacteria in the RPAS, and provides an important basis for RPAS improvement and regulation.