Long-Term Outcomes of Radiofrequency Ablation for Treatment of Cystic Warthin Tumors versus Solid Warthin Tumors

Abstract

Background: To describe the long-term outcomes of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) of parotid Warthin tumors that have different consistencies and locations. Methods: We reviewed ten patients with Warthin tumors undergoing RFA treatment from 2016 to 2019. The mean follow-up was 24.3 ± 13.1 months (range 7–42 months). Results: RFA was performed on 11 tumors in ten patients. Cystic tumors (n = 4) had better volume reduction ratios (VRR) than solid tumors (n = 7) at month one and month six, following RFA (77.9% vs. 47.3%, 95.1% vs. 80.6%, respectively, p = 0.003). Tumors in both superficial lobes and deep lobes (n = 7) were larger than tumors in superficial lobes alone (n = 4), though there was no difference in VRR after treatment. All residual tumors were found in superficial lobes. There was no increase in residual tumor size. Every patient showed marked cosmetic improvements, with visible tumors becoming non-palpable masses. Conclusions: RFA is a safe and effective treatment for Warthin tumors, with better volume reduction in cystic tumors. Results remained satisfying over the long-term for all residual tumors found in superficial lobes, making it easier for re-intervention if necessary.