Estimation of Power System Inertia with the Integration of Converter-Interfaced Generation via MEMD during a Large Disturbance

Abstract

The decrease in overall inertia in power systems due to the shift from synchronous generator production to renewable energy sources (RESs) presents a significant challenge. This transition affects the system’s stable frequency response, making it highly sensitive to imbalances between production and consumption, particularly during large disturbances. To address this issue, this paper introduces a novel approach using Multivariate Empirical Mode Decomposition (MEMD) for the accurate estimation of power system inertia. This approach involves applying MEMD, a complex signal processing technique, to power system frequency signals. The study utilizes PMU (Phasor Measurement Unit) data and simulated disturbances in the IEEE 39 bus test system to conduct this analysis. MEMD offers substantial advantages in analyzing multivariate data and frequency signals during disturbances, providing accurate estimations of system inertia. This approach enhances the understanding of power system dynamics in the context of renewable energy integration. However, the complexity of this methodology and the requirement for precise data collection are challenges that need to be addressed. The results from this approach show high accuracy in estimating the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) and system inertia, with minimal deviation from actual values. The findings highlight the significant impact of renewable energy integration on system inertia and emphasize the necessity of accurate inertia estimation in modern power systems.