No Difference in Lactoferrin Levels between Metabolically Healthy and Unhealthy Obese Women

Abstract

Background: The aim of the study was to compare serum lactoferrin concentrations in metabolically healthy obese (MHO) and metabolically unhealthy obese (MUHO) women. Methods: Three hundred (101 MHO and 199 MUHO) women were recruited to the study. Basic anthropometric parameters and blood pressure were measured. Body mass index (BMI) was calculated. Fat mass and visceral adipose tissue mass were assessed using dual X-ray absorptiometry scan. Fasting glucose, insulin, lipid profile, high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) and lactoferrin levels were determined. Results: Lactoferrin levels did not differ between MHO and MUHO subjects (median (interquartile range): 1639 (1055–2396) vs. 1622 (1009–23345) ng/mL). However, in the total population insulin (r = 0.131, p = 0.0234) and hs-CRP (r = 0.165, p = 0.0045) levels were correlated with lactoferrin concentrations. In addition, a weak positive association between serum lactoferrin concentrations and anthropometric parameters was also detected, and predominantly referred to MHO group (body weight: r = 0.231, p = 0.0201; BMI: r = 0.286, p = 0.0037; waist circumference: r = 0.258, p = 0.0092). In addition, serum lactoferrin concentrations were negatively correlated with fasting glucose (r = −0.250, p = 0.0115) and HDL-C levels (r = −0.203, p = 0.0411) in MHO subjects. Conclusions: Lactoferrin levels did not differ between MHO and MUHO women. However, some mild correlations between lactoferrin concentrations and anthropometric and metabolic parameters were observed mostly in MHO subjects.