Serotypes and Antibiotic Resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae before and after the Introduction of the 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine for Adults and Children in a Rural Area in Japan

Author:

Ono Takashi12ORCID,Watanabe Masahiro2,Hashimoto Koichi2ORCID,Kume Yohei2,Chishiki Mina2,Okabe Hisao2,Sato Masatoki2,Norito Sakurako2,Chang Bin3,Hosoya Mitsuaki2ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Pediatrics, Minamiaizu Hospital, Minamiaizu 967-0006, Fukushima, Japan

2. Department of Pediatrics, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Fukushima, Japan

3. Department of Bacteriology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Shinjuku-ku 162-8640, Tokyo, Japan

Abstract

The increase in non-vaccine serotypes of Streptococcus pneumoniae and their multidrug resistance have become an issue following the introduction of the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13). In this study, we investigated the serotypes and drug resistance of S. pneumoniae detected in adult and pediatric outpatients at a hospital in a rural area of Japan between April 2012 and December 2016. Serotypes of the bacterium were identified using the capsular swelling test and multiplex polymerase chain reaction testing of DNA extracted from the specimens. Antimicrobial susceptibility was determined using the broth microdilution method. The serotype 15A was classified using multilocus sequence typing. The results showed that the prevalence of non-vaccine serotypes increased significantly in children from 50.0% in 2012–2013 to 74.1% in 2016 (p ≤ 0.006) and in adults from 15.8% in 2012–2013 to 61.5% in 2016 (p ≤ 0.026), but no increase in drug-resistant isolates was evident. However, an increase in the drug-resistant serotypes 15A and 35B was observed in children. Although isolates of these two serotypes showed cefotaxime susceptibility, cefotaxime resistance was confirmed for the serotype 15A isolates. Future trends in the spread of these isolates should be monitored with caution.

Funder

Fukushima Prefectural Hospital Medical Research Grant

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),General Immunology and Microbiology,Molecular Biology,Immunology and Allergy

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