Resurgence of Dengue Virus Serotype 3 in Minas Gerais, Brazil: A Case Report

Author:

Adelino Talita1,Lima Maurício1,Guimarães Natália R.1ORCID,Xavier Joilson2,Fonseca Vagner34ORCID,Tomé Luiz Marcelo R.1ORCID,Pereira Maira Alves1,Machado Vanessa Ferreira5,Alcantara Luiz Carlos Junior24ORCID,Iani Felipe C. de Melo1,Giovanetti Marta246ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Fundação Ezequiel Dias, Belo Horizonte 30510-010, Brazil

2. Instituto René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Belo Horizonte 30190-009, Brazil

3. Department of Exact and Earth Science, University of the State of Bahia, Salvador 41192-010, Brazil

4. Climate Amplified Diseases and Epidemics (CLIMADE), Brasilia 70070-130, Brazil

5. Secretaria Municipal de Saúde de Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte 30130-012, Brazil

6. Sciences and Technologies for Sustainable Development and One Health, Università Campus Bio-Medico di Roma, 00128 Roma, Italy

Abstract

This report provides a detailed overview of the resurgence of DENV-3 in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, which is a concerning scenario in the context of dengue, a mosquito-borne viral disease. Historically, Brazil has grappled with dengue epidemics caused primarily by the DENV-1 and DENV-2 serotypes. However, in 2023, a significant shift in this pattern was observed as DENV-3 made a notable resurgence. This resurgence was characterized by the increase in DENV-3 cases within the country and the region of the Americas. Given the absence of sustained DENV-3 circulation in Brazil in previous years, this situation poses a significant risk, making the population highly susceptible to a potential novel epidemic. In November 2023, a 31-year-old male patient in Belo Horizonte exhibited symptoms of acute febrile syndrome. Multiplex RT-qPCR using the Kit Molecular ZC D-Tipagem confirmed DENV-3 infection, suggesting a likely autochthonous case, as the patient reported no travel history. To promptly assess this resurgence, we applied the nanopore sequencing technology. This allowed for the rapid characterization of the initial DENV-3 case isolated in Minas Gerais in 2023, representing a 13-year interval since the serotype’s previous documented circulation in that state. This case report underscores the critical importance of proactive monitoring and the swift implementation of targeted control strategies to address the evolving dynamics of dengue, with a specific emphasis on the resurgence of DENV-3 in the state.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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