Clonal Diversity, Antibiotic Resistance, and Virulence Factor Prevalence of Community Associated Staphylococcus aureus in Southeastern Virginia

Author:

Cranmer Katelyn D.1,Pant Mohan D.2,Quesnel Suzanne3,Sharp Julia A.12ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Microbiology and Molecular Cell Biology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA

2. School of Health Professions, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA

3. Children’s Hospital of the King’s Daughters, Norfolk, VA 23507, USA

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a significant human pathogen with a formidable propensity for antibiotic resistance. Worldwide, it is the leading cause of skin and soft tissue infections (SSTI), septic arthritis, osteomyelitis, and infective endocarditis originating from both community- and healthcare-associated settings. Although often grouped by methicillin resistance, both methicillin-resistant (MRSA) and methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) strains are known to cause significant pathologies and injuries. Virulence factors and growing resistance to antibiotics play major roles in the pathogenicity of community-associated strains. In our study, we examined the genetic variability and acquired antibiograms of 122 S. aureus clinical isolates from SSTI, blood, and urinary tract infections originating from pediatric patients within the southeast region of Virginia, USA. We identified a suite of clinically relevant virulence factors and evaluated their prevalence within these isolates. Five genes (clfA, spA, sbi, scpA, and vwb) with immune-evasive functions were identified in all isolates. MRSA isolates had a greater propensity to be resistant to more antibiotics as well as significantly more likely to carry several virulence factors compared to MSSA strains. Further, the carriage of various genes was found to vary significantly based on the infection type (SSTI, blood, urine).

Funder

Virginia’s Commonwealth Health Research Board

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),General Immunology and Microbiology,Molecular Biology,Immunology and Allergy

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