Pathogenesis of Cerebral Malaria: New Trends and Insights for Developing Adjunctive Therapies

Author:

Sahu Praveen Kishore12ORCID,Mohanty Sanjib12

Affiliation:

1. Department of Molecular Biology & Infectious Diseases, Community Welfare Society Hospital, Rourkela 769042, Odisha, India

2. Infectious Disease Biology Unit, Ispat General Hospital, Rourkela 769005, Odisha, India

Abstract

No specific or adjunctive therapies exist to treat cerebral malaria (CM) as of date. CM is a neuropathological manifestation of the malaria infection in humans, caused by the hemoparasitic pathogen Plasmodium falciparum. Driven through a multitude of virulence factors, varied immune responses, variations in brain swelling with regard to the age of patients, parasite biomass, and parasite-typing, the essential pathogenetic mechanisms underlying clinical CM have remained elusive. However, a recent series of studies based on molecular, immunologic, and advanced neuroradiologic and machine-learning approaches have unraveled new trends and insights to better understand and focus on the key determinants of CM in humans. This could possibly be the beginning of the design of new and effective adjunctive therapies that may not be common or applicable to the entire malarious world, but that could, rather, be specific to the variations in the determinants of CM.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Infectious Diseases,Microbiology (medical),General Immunology and Microbiology,Molecular Biology,Immunology and Allergy

Reference44 articles.

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4. El-Assaad, F., Wheway, J., Hunt, N.H., Grau, G.E., and Combes, V. (2014). Production, fate and pathogenicity of plasma microparticles in murine cerebral malaria. PLoS Pathog., 10.

5. Diagnosis and management of the neurological complications of falciparum malaria;Mishra;Nat. Rev. Neurol.,2009

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