Preparation of Adsorbent Materials from Rice Husk via Hydrothermal Carbonization: Optimization of Operating Conditions and Alkali Activation
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Published:2023-12-12
Issue:12
Volume:12
Page:145
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ISSN:2079-9276
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Container-title:Resources
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language:en
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Short-container-title:Resources
Author:
Naranjo Jhosué1, Juiña Evelyn1, Loyo Carlos2, Romero Michelle3, Vizuete Karla4ORCID, Debut Alexis4ORCID, Ponce Sebastian1ORCID, Murillo Herman A.1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Department of Chemical Engineering, Universidad San Francisco de Quito USFQ, Diego de Robles s/n y Avenida Interoceánica, Quito 170901, Ecuador 2. School of Chemical Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University, Hda. San José s/n y Proyecto Yachay, Urcuquí 100119, Ecuador 3. Instituto de Investigación Geológico y Energético, Av. de la República E7-263, Quito 170518, Ecuador 4. Centro de Nanociencia y Nanotecnología, Universidad de las Fuerzas Armadas ESPE, Av. General Rumiñahui s/n y Ambato, Sangolquí 171103, Ecuador
Abstract
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of rice husk was optimized in terms of the adsorption capacity at equilibrium (qe) and hydrochar mass yield (MY). The studied variables were reaction temperature, residence time, and biomass-to-water ratio by means of response surface methodology. In both cases, reaction temperature resulted the most significant parameter promoting high qe values at higher temperatures when treating methylene blue (MB) as the target pollutant. Nevertheless, MY was low (~40%) when focusing on a possible industrial application. Hence, maximizing qe and MY simultaneously by optimization of multiple responses emerges as a promising solution to improve MY values (>60%) with no significant differences regarding the qe response. Furthermore, additional activation was conducted on optimal hydrochars to further investigate the enhancement of qe. As a result, no statistical differences between non-modified and activated hydrochars were observed for qe; however, the pseudo-second-order constant (k2) seemed to be increased after alkali activation, mainly due to a larger surface area. Non-modified and activated hydrochars were characterized via SEM, FTIR, XRD, and BET, resulting in two significant effects contributing to MB adsorption: increased surface area and functionalized hydrochar surface. Consequently, this work provides valuable insights on subsequent application of this HTC optimization scheme at an industrial scale.
Subject
Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law,Nature and Landscape Conservation
Reference40 articles.
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