Evidence of Small Fungal Cysteine-Rich Proteins Acting as Biosurfactants and Self-Assembling into Large Fibers

Author:

Pitocchi Rossana1ORCID,Stanzione Ilaria1ORCID,Illiano Anna1ORCID,Amoresano Angela1,Tarallo Oreste1ORCID,Cicatiello Paola1ORCID,Piscitelli Alessandra1ORCID,Giardina Paola1

Affiliation:

1. Department of Chemical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Via Cintia, 80126 Naples, Italy

Abstract

Fungi produce surface-active proteins, among which hydrophobins are the most characterized and attractive also for their ability to form functional amyloids. Our most recent findings show that these abilities are shared with other classes of fungal proteins. Indeed, in this paper, we compared the characteristics of a class I hydrophobin (Vmh2 from Pleurotus ostreatus) and an unknown protein (named PAC3), extracted from the marine fungal strain Acremonium sclerotigenum, which does not belong to the same protein family based on its sequence features. They both proved to be good biosurfactants, stabilizing emulsions in several conditions (concentration, pH, and salinity) and decreasing surface tension to a comparable value to that of some synthetic surfactants. After that, we observed for both Vmh2 and PAC3 the formation of giant fibers without the need for harsh conditions or long incubation time, a remarkable ability herein reported for the first time.

Funder

European Union Next-Generation EU (PIANO NAZIONALE DI RIPRESA E RESILIENZA

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

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