Redox Status and Telomere–Telomerase System Biomarkers in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction Using a Principal Component Analysis: Is There a Link?

Author:

Vukašinović Aleksandra1,Klisic Aleksandra23ORCID,Ostanek Barbara4,Kafedžić Srdjan56,Zdravković Marija67ORCID,Ilić Ivan56,Sopić Miron1ORCID,Hinić Saša7,Stefanović Milica5ORCID,Bogavac-Stanojević Nataša1,Marc Janja4,Nešković Aleksandar N.56,Kotur-Stevuljević Jelena1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

2. Faculty of Medicine, University of Montenegro, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro

3. Center for Laboratory Diagnostics, Primary Health Care Center, 81000 Podgorica, Montenegro

4. Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia

5. Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Zemun, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia

6. Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia

7. Department of Cardiology, Clinical Hospital Center Bezanijska Kosa, 11070 Belgrade, Serbia

Abstract

In the present study, we examined redox status parameters in arterial and venous blood samples, its potential to predict the prognosis of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) patients assessed through its impact on the comprehensive grading SYNTAX score, and its clinical accuracy. Potential connections between common blood biomarkers, biomarkers of redox status, leukocyte telomere length, and telomerase enzyme activity in the acute myocardial infarction burden were assessed using principal component analysis (PCA). This study included 92 patients with acute myocardial infarction. Significantly higher levels of advanced oxidation protein products (AOPP), superoxide anion (O2•−), ischemia-modified albumin (IMA), and significantly lower levels of total oxidant status (TOS) and total protein sulfhydryl (SH-) groups were found in arterial blood than in the peripheral venous blood samples, while biomarkers of the telomere–telomerase system did not show statistical significance in the two compared sample types (p = 0.834 and p = 0.419). To better understand the effect of the examined biomarkers in the AMI patients on SYNTAX score, those biomarkers were grouped using PCA, which merged them into the four the most contributing factors. The “cholesterol–protein factor” and “oxidative–telomere factor” were independent predictors of higher SYNTAX score (OR = 0.338, p = 0.008 and OR = 0.427, p = 0.035, respectively), while the ability to discriminate STEMI from non-STEMI patients had only the “oxidative–telomere factor” (AUC = 0.860, p = 0.008). The results show that traditional cardiovascular risk factors, i.e., high total cholesterol together with high total serum proteins and haemoglobin, are associated with severe disease progression in much the same way as a combination of redox biomarkers (pro-oxidant-antioxidant balance, total antioxidant status, IMA) and telomere length.

Funder

Ministry of Science, Technological Development and Innovation

Ministry of Science and Technological Development

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Inorganic Chemistry,Organic Chemistry,Physical and Theoretical Chemistry,Computer Science Applications,Spectroscopy,Molecular Biology,General Medicine,Catalysis

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