Varietal Differences of Yield, Morphological, and Biochemical Parameters of Allium cepa L. under Precipitation Excess in Different Phenological Phases

Author:

Golubkina Nadezhda1,Romanova Olga1,Romanov Valery1ORCID,Krivenkov Leonid1,Shevchenko Tatiana1,Murariu Otilia Cristina2ORCID,Vecchietti Lorenzo3,Hamburda Silvia Brindusa2ORCID,Caruso Gianluca4

Affiliation:

1. Federal Scientific Vegetable Center, Moscow 143072, Russia

2. Department of Food Technology, “Ion Ionescu de la Brad” Iasi University of Life Sciences, 3 M. Sadoveanu Alley, 700440 Iasi, Romania

3. Hydro Fert s.r.l., 76121 Barletta, Italy

4. Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, 80055 Naples, Italy

Abstract

Flooding is an important factor, decreasing Allium cepa bulb yield and quality. A comparison, in terms of biometrical and biochemical parameters, of five Allium cepa cultivars, grown at two different locations, characterized by contrasting conditions of water availability, i.e., precipitation excess at the end (A) or at the beginning (B) of plant growth, revealed a significant decrease in bulb weight, height, and diameter, and an increase in oxidative stress parameters, such as total antioxidant activity and polyphenol content, monosaccharides, proline, malonic dialdehyde in the condition of excessive soil humidity at the end of the vegetation period (A). Among the five cultivars studied (Zolotnichok, Zolotie cupola, Black prince, Globus, and Myachkovsky), the lowest variations of the above parameters under precipitation excess at cycle end or beginning were recorded in Zolotnichok and Zolotie cupola, which was in accordance with their high adaptability. Cultivar Myachkovsky showed the highest differences of the parameters examined between A and B conditions. Outer scale biochemical parameters demonstrated the highest stability in both regions. The participation of proline, monosaccharides, total polyphenols, and total antioxidant activity in plant defense against hypoxia, caused by waterlogging, was proved by high correlation coefficients between inner scale parameters (‘r’ from +0.714 to +0.920) and the latter with bulb yield (‘r’ from −0.745 to −0.924). High adaptability cultivars (Zolotie cupola, Zolotnichok, Black prince) showed significantly lower MDA inner/outer scales ratio and lipids outer/inner scales ratio compared to cultivars with moderate adaptability in (B) conditions. The results provide important information regarding biochemical peculiarities of Allium cepa in diverse soil humidity, which should be considered in future breeding activities of onion genotypes, characterized by high adaptability to different water excess conditions.

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Medicine

Reference38 articles.

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2. Jaiswal, A. (2020). Nutritional Composition and Antioxidant Properties of Fruits and Vegetables, Academic Press. Chapter 5.

3. Effect of water logging stress at specific growth stages in onion crop;Ghodke;Int. J. Curr. Microbiol. Appl. Sci.,2018

4. Modeling flood-induced stress in soybeans;Pasley;Front. Plant Sci.,2020

5. Mechanisms for coping with submergence and waterlogging in rice;Nishiuchi;Rice,2012

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