Evaluating the Mechanisms and Efficiency of Johkasou Systems for Decentralized Domestic Effluent Treatment: A Review
Author:
Wang Xu12, Cheng Siyue3, Chen Huilun3
Affiliation:
1. National Engineering Laboratory for Advanced Municipal Wastewater Treatment and Reuse Technology, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China 2. National Engineering Research Center for Urban Environmental Pollution Control, Beijing Municipal Research Institute of Eco-Environmental Protection, Beijing 100037, China 3. Beijing Key Laboratory of Resource-Oriented Treatment of Industrial Pollutants, School of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Abstract
Johkasou systems have emerged as quintessential examples of decentralized wastewater treatment technologies due to their compact design, easy operation, and robust resistance to mechanical impact attributes that are particularly effective in mitigating and treating rural domestic wastewater. Although the efficiency of the Johkasou process in removing nitrogen and phosphorus has been well-documented, a comprehensive synthesis of the underlying mechanisms and influencing factors is still elusive. This review seeks to elucidate these aspects by detailing the biogeochemical pathways involved in nitrogen and phosphorus removal, characterizing the key microbial consortia, and addressing the potential accumulation of nitrous oxide (N2O). Furthermore, the review critically examines the impact of various media used in Johkasou systems on nutrient removal efficacy, with a particular emphasis on nitrogen. It also proposes a range of practical adjustments to design parameters, including dissolved oxygen (DO), pH, temperature, and hydraulic retention time (HRT), to enhance process performance. Finally, the practical implementation of Johkasou systems and their integration with ancillary processes in actual domestic sewage treatment scenarios are synthesized, providing a theoretical foundation for advancing Johkasou methodologies in rural areas.
Funder
National Key Research and Development Program of China
Reference156 articles.
1. Research progress of sewage treatment technology in rural areas;Jia;Technol. Water Treat.,2018 2. Chen, P.Z., Zhao, W.J., Chen, D.K., Huang, Z.P., Zhang, C.X., and Zheng, X.Q. (2022). Research progress on integrated treatment technologies of rural domestic sewage: A review. Water, 14. 3. Treatment of diepersed domestic sewage by johkasou with basalt fiber carrier media;Cai;Environ. Eng.,2022 4. Li, X.L., Bao, D.G., Zhang, Y.Z., Xu, W.Q., Zhang, C., Yang, H.Y., Ru, Q.J., Wang, Y.F., Ma, H., and Zhu, E.R. (2023). Development and application of membrane aerated biofilm reactor (MABR)—A review. Water, 15. 5. Modeling climatic effect on physiochemical parameters and microorganisms of Stabilization Pond Performance;Ali;Heliyon,2020
|
|