Effect of Comprehensive Educational Program on Preeclamptic Women’s Risk Perception of Cardiovascular Disease, Self-Efficacy, and Adherence to Healthy Lifestyle Behaviors

Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of a comprehensive educational program on preeclamptic women’s knowledge, risk perception of cardiovascular disease, self-efficacy, and adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors. Patients and methods: This study employed a pretest-posttest design. One hundred and two women who previously had preeclampsia were enrolled from July 2022 to December 2022 from outpatient obstetric, gynecological, and family planning clinics. The primary and secondary outcomes were measured at baseline, after eight weeks, and after three months of the educational intervention. The data were analyzed using SPSS version 23, descriptive and inferential statistics, specifically the Chi-square test, independent t-tests, and repeated measures ANOVA. Results: A statistically significant difference was found between the two groups immediately post-intervention and the three-month follow-up, with a significant improvement among the intervention group than control group regarding cardiovascular disease knowledge (p < 0.001), risk perception (p < 0.001), self-efficacy (p < 0.001), and healthy lifestyle behaviors (p < 0.001). There was a statistically significant interaction between group and time regarding total cardiovascular disease risk perception (F = 203.67, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.673), self-efficacy (F = 70.06, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.405), and adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors (F = 145.08, p < 0.001, η2 = 0.597). Conclusion: This study concluded that the comprehensive educational program had a positive effect on improving preeclamptic women’s knowledge and risk perception of CVD, self-efficacy, and adherence to healthy lifestyle behaviors following preeclampsia.