Effects of a Mat Pilates Exercise Program Associated with Photobiomodulation Therapy in Patients with Chronic Nonspecific Low Back Pain: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Sham-Controlled Trial

Author:

Merlo Jeanne Karlette1,da Silva Adriano Valmozino1,Casonatto Juliano12ORCID,Ribeiro Alex Silva2ORCID,de Oliveira Junior Eros1ORCID,do Nascimento Ana Paula13,de Oliveira Raphael Gonçalves13ORCID,Buzzachera Cosme Franklim4ORCID,da Silva Rubens Alexandre5ORCID,Aguiar Andreo Fernando123ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Postgraduate Program in Rehabilitation Sciences, Northern University of Paraná (UNOPAR), Londrina 86041-120, PR, Brazil

2. Postgraduate Program in Physical Exercise in Health Promotion, Northern University of Paraná (UNOPAR), Londrina 86041-120, PR, Brazil

3. Postgraduate Program in Human Movement Sciences, State University of Northern Paraná (UENP), Jacarezinho 86400-000, PR, Brazil

4. Department of Public Health, Experimental Medicine and Forensic Science, University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy

5. Program de Physiothérapie de L’université McGill Offert en Extension à L’UNIVERSITÉ du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Québec, QC G7H 5B8, Canada

Abstract

Objective: To investigate the effects of combining a Pilates program with photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) in patients with chronic nonspecific low back pain (CNLBP). Methods: Thirty-eight adults with CNLBP were randomly assigned to two groups: Pilates exercise + active PBMT (PIL + PBMT) or Pilates exercise + sham PBMT (PIL + SHAM). Both groups performed an 8-week mat Pilates program and received PBMT on their lumbar muscles 10 min before and after each session. The following variables were assessed before and after intervention: peak pain intensity, postural balance (i.e., center of the pressure [A-COP], velocity anteroposterior [Vel AP], and velocity mediolateral [Vel ML]), perceived disability (i.e., Oswestry Disability Index [ODI] and Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire [RMDQ]), and pain-related fear of movement (i.e., Tampa Scale of Kinesiophobia [TSK], Fear Avoidance Beliefs Questionnaire [FABQ], and Pain Catastrophizing Scale [PCS]). Results: Postural balance variables showed no statistically significant differences (p > 0.05) across time or between groups. The groups showed similar (p < 0.05) reductions in peak pain intensity, ODI, RMDQ, and PCS scores, but no statistically significant difference (p > 0.05) in TSK and FABQ scores. Conclusion: The mat Pilates program reduced peak pain intensity, perceived disability, and pain catastrophizing in adults with CNLBP, but PBMT had no additional effect on these variables. Mat Pilates alone or combined with PBMT was not able to improve postural balance.

Funder

Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel

National Council for Scientific and Technological Development

Publisher

MDPI AG

Reference77 articles.

1. GBD-Collaborators (2023). Global, regional, and national burden of low back pain, 1990–2020, its attributable risk factors, and projections to 2050: A systematic analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021. Lancet Rheumatol., 5, e316–e329.

2. Global low back pain prevalence and years lived with disability from 1990 to 2017: Estimates from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017;Wu;Ann. Transl. Med.,2020

3. Low Back Pain (LBP), work and absenteeism;Serranheira;Work,2020

4. WHO (2023). Low Back Pain, World Health Association (WHO). Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/low-back-pain.

5. Chapter 4. European guidelines for the management of chronic nonspecific low back pain;Airaksinen;Eur. Spine J.,2006

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