Abstract
A 2-year prospective study carried out on ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP) patients in the intensive care unit at a tertiary care hospital, Hail, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA), revealed a high prevalence of extremely drug-resistant (XDR) Acinetobacter baumannii. About a 9% increase in the incidence rate of A. baumannii occurred in the VAP patients between 2019 and 2020 (21.4% to 30.7%). In 2019, the isolates were positive for IMP-1 and VIM-2 (31.1% and 25.7%, respectively) as detected by PCR. In comparison, a higher proportion of isolates produced NDM-1 in 2020. Here, we observed a high proportion of resistant ICU isolates towards the most common antibiotics in use. Colistin sensitivity dropped to 91.4% in the year 2020 as compared to 2019 (100%). Thus, the finding of this study has a highly significant clinical implementation in the clinical management strategies for VAP patients. Furthermore, strict implementation of antibiotic stewardship policies, regular surveillance programs for antimicrobial resistance monitoring, and screening for genes encoding drug resistance phenotypes have become imperative.
Funder
Scientific Research Deanship at the University of Ha’il
Subject
Health Information Management,Health Informatics,Health Policy,Leadership and Management
Reference47 articles.
1. Ventilator-associated pneumonia in the ICU;Kalanuria;Crit. Care,2014
2. Ventilator-associated pneumonia: A review;Davis;J. Intensive Care Med.,2006
3. Cilloniz, C., Martin-Loeches, I., Garcia-Vidal, C., San Jose, A., and Torres, A. Microbial Etiology of Pneumonia: Epidemiology, Diagnosis and Resistance Patterns. Int. J. Mol. Sci., 2016. 17.
4. Huang, H., Chen, B., Liu, G., Ran, J., Lian, X., Huang, X., Wang, N., and Huang, Z. A multi-center study on the risk factors of infection caused by multi-drug resistant Acinetobacter baumannii. BMC Infect. Dis., 2018. 18.
5. Do guidelines change outcomes in ventilator-associated pneumonia?;Bassi;Curr. Opin. Infect. Dis.,2010