Health Promotion with Long-Term Physical Activity Program for Adults with Autism Spectrum Disorder

Author:

Dunsky Ayelet1ORCID,Barak Sharon23ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Human Movement and Sport Sciences, The Levinsky-Wingate Academic College, Netanya 4290200, Israel

2. Nursing Department, School of Health Sciences, Ariel University, Ariel 40700, Israel

3. Department of Pediatric Rehabilitation, The Edmond and Lily Safra Children’s Hospital, The Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Ramat-Gan 52621, Israel

Abstract

Individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) are at higher risk for developing common chronic diseases. Engagement in physical activity (PA) can prevent health issues; however, people with ASD are known to engage in lower levels of PA in comparison to their peers. This study evaluated the effect of a long-term, 12-month PA intervention on the fitness and quality of life of adults with ASD. A quantitative approach was implemented to assess participants’ fitness, functional ability, quality of life, and participation in a range of PA classes at three different time points. Qualitative data were collected via in-depth, semi-structured interviews with three participants with ASD and three staff members. A total of 34 adults with ASD (mean age 39.76 + 7.27) participated in the quantitative part of the study. Approximately 53% of the participants exhibited perseverance and conducted adequate PA each month. Significant improvements were found in one fitness component and two quality-of-life components. Factors revealed for the program’s success were the individuals’ free choice of the PA classes and supporting people and a budget that tailored the project. Policymakers who plan health promotion programs for adults with ASD should consider long-term PA programs, with freedom of choice among PA modalities and schedules.

Funder

the National Insurance Institute of Israel and the Fund for Demonstration Projects

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

Health Information Management,Health Informatics,Health Policy,Leadership and Management

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