Aquatic Exercise in Physical Therapy Treatment for Fibromyalgia: Systematic Review

Author:

Rodríguez-Huguet Manuel1ORCID,Ayala-Martínez Carmen2,Góngora-Rodríguez Pablo2ORCID,Rosety-Rodríguez Miguel Ángel3ORCID,Martín-Valero Rocío4ORCID,Góngora-Rodríguez Jorge1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Nursing and Physiotherapy, University of Cádiz, 11009 Cádiz, Spain

2. Doctoral School, University of Cádiz, 11003 Cádiz, Spain

3. Move-It Research Group, Biomedical Research and Innovation Institute of Cadiz, Puerta del Mar University Hospital, University of Cádiz, Plaza Fragela, s/n, 11003 Cádiz, Spain

4. Department of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Málaga, 29071 Málaga, Spain

Abstract

Fibromyalgia is a chronic condition characterized by musculoskeletal pain. The aim of this study was to synthesize scientific evidence on the effects of aquatic exercise programs on pain and quality of life in individuals with fibromyalgia. This review was carried out using the following databases in January 2024: Cochrane Library, PEDro, PubMed, SCOPUS, and Web of Science. Four clinical trials focusing on aquatic exercise as a treatment for patients with fibromyalgia were selected. These trials were published in English between 2019 and 2024. Pain recorded using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and quality of life with the Short Form-36 Health Survey (SF-36) or Fibromyalgia Impact on Quality of Life (FIQ) were the most commonly analyzed variables. This review was carried out according to the PRISMA statement and was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024510219). The results in terms of pain and quality of life were positive. In conclusion, these findings support the incorporation of aquatic exercise into fibromyalgia physical therapy treatment. However, the benefits could be equivalent to those of other exercise modalities, underscoring the need for individualized adaptation to each patient’s needs.

Publisher

MDPI AG

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