1. Department of Nursing, China Medical University Hsinchu Hospital, Hsinchu 302, Taiwan
2. Department of Nursing, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan
3. Department of Nursing, New Taipei Municipal TuCheng Hospital, Chang Gung Medical Foundation, New Taipei City 236, Taiwan
4. Department of Nursing, Taichung Armed Forces General Hospital, Taichung 411, Taiwan
5. Department of Nursing, National Taiwan University Hospital Hsin-Chu Branch, Hsinchu 302, Taiwan