Endocannabinoid System Receptors at the Hip and Stifle Joints of Middle-Aged Dogs: A Novel Target for the Therapeutic Use of Cannabis sativa Extract in Canine Arthropathies

Author:

Zamith Cunha Rodrigo12ORCID,Salamanca Giulia1ORCID,Mille Fanny1,Delprete Cecilia3,Franciosi Cecilia3,Piva Giuliano4,Gramenzi Alessandro2,Chiocchetti Roberto1ORCID

Affiliation:

1. Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy

2. Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Teramo, 64100 Teramo, Italy

3. Laboratory of Cellular Physiology, Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology (FaBiT), University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy

4. Veterinary Clinic Dr. Giuliano Piva, 41049 Sassuolo, Italy

Abstract

The endocannabinoid system (ECS) has emerged as a potential therapeutic target in veterinary medicine due to its involvement in a wide range of physiological processes including pain, inflammation, immune function, and neurological function. Modulation of the ECS receptors has been shown to have anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and immunomodulatory effects in various animal models of disease, including dogs with osteoarthritis. The goal of this study was to identify and compare the cellular expression and distribution of cannabinoid receptor type 1 (CB1R) and type 2 (CB2R) and the cannabinoid-related G protein-coupled receptor 55 (GPR55) on the synovial cells of hip and stifle joints of seven dogs of different breeds without overt signs of osteoarthritis (OA). The synovial membranes of seven hips and seven stifle joints were harvested post mortem. The expression of the CB1R, CB2R, and GPR55 present in the synovial tissues was investigated using qualitative and quantitative immunofluorescence and Western blot (Wb) analysis. Synoviocytes of the stifle and hip joints expressed CB1R, CB2R, and GPR55 immunoreactivity (IR); no significant differences were observed for each different joint. Cannabinoid receptor 2- and GPR55-IR were also expressed by macrophages, neutrophils, and vascular cells. The ECS receptors were widely expressed by the synovial elements of dogs without overt signs of OA. It suggests that the ECS could be a target for the therapeutic use of Cannabis sativa extract in canine arthropathies.

Funder

NBF Lanes

Publisher

MDPI AG

Subject

General Veterinary,Animal Science and Zoology

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