Numerical Analysis of Laminated Veneer Lumber Beams Strengthened with Various Carbon Composites

Abstract

Among the many benefits of implementing numerical analysis on real objects, economic and environmental considerations are likely the most important ones. Nonetheless, it is also crucial to constrain the duration and space necessary for conducting experimental investigations. Although these benefits are clear, the applicability of such models must be appropriately verified. This research subjected validation of numerical models depicting the behavior of unstrengthened and strengthened laminated veneer lumber (LVL) beams. As a reinforcement, a carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheet and laminates were used. Experiments were conducted on full-scale members within the framework of the so-called four-point bending testing method. Numerical simulations were performed using the Abaqus software. Two types of material models were examined for laminated veneer lumber: linearly elastic and linearly elastic–perfectly plastic with Hill’s yield criterion. A distinction was made in the material properties of carbon composites based on their location on the height of the cross-section. The outlined numerical models accurately depict the behavior of real structural elements. The precision of predicting load-bearing capacity amounts to a few percent for strengthened beams and a maximum of eleven percent for unstrengthened beams. The relative deviation between numerical and experimental values of bending stiffness was at a maximum of seven percent. Applying the elastic–plastic model enables accurate representation of the load versus deflection relation and the distribution of stress and deformation of strengthened beams. Based on the findings, directives were provided for further optimization of the positioning of composite reinforcement along the span of the beam. Reinforcement design of existing laminated veneer lumber members can be made using presented methodology.